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Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, and its fixed-dose combination with metformin (Vildagliptin/Metformin) are oral antidiabetic agents used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These medications enhance glycemic control through complementary mechanisms, making them effective for patients inadequately controlled by monotherapy. This article integrates evidence from the British National Formulary (BNF), Lippincott Textbook of Pharmacology, and Lange Basic & Clinical Pharmacology to detail their mechanisms of action, clinical uses, dosing, side effects, precautions, drug interactions, and pharmaceutical nomenclature.
Synergy: The combination addresses both insulin resistance (metformin) and defective insulin/glucagon secretion (vildagliptin), offering dual-pathway control.
Combination Therapy: Side effect profile reflects both components, with GI effects predominating.
Combination: Interactions reflect both components; monitor glucose levels with concomitant insulin/sulfonylureas.
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