Progesterone, the active component of Cyclogest, is a steroid hormone that plays a critical role in the female reproductive system. Its mechanism of action includes:

1. Endometrial Support: Progesterone prepares the endometrium (lining of the uterus) for implantation of a fertilized egg. It maintains the endometrium during pregnancy by promoting glandular secretion and preventing shedding.
2. Inhibition of Uterine Contractions: Progesterone reduces uterine muscle excitability, preventing premature contractions that could lead to miscarriage or preterm labor.
3. Hormonal Balance: It counteracts the effects of estrogen, ensuring a balanced hormonal environment necessary for normal menstrual cycles and pregnancy.
4. Cervical Mucus Thickening: Progesterone thickens cervical mucus, creating a barrier to sperm entry and reducing the risk of infection.

Cyclogest delivers progesterone directly to the reproductive system via vaginal or rectal administration, ensuring high local concentrations with minimal systemic side effects

Cyclogest is prescribed for a variety of conditions, including:

1. Luteal Phase Support:
   • Used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) to support the luteal phase and improve the chances of successful implantation.
2. Threatened or Recurrent Miscarriage:
   • Administered to women with a history of recurrent miscarriages or those experiencing symptoms of threatened miscarriage to maintain pregnancy.
3. Menstrual Disorders:
   • Used to treat irregular menstrual cycles, amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), and dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation).
4. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):
   • Combined with estrogen in HRT to protect the endometrium from hyperplasia (abnormal thickening) in postmenopausal women.
5. Preterm Labor Prevention:
   • Sometimes used to prevent preterm birth in high-risk pregnancies.

The dosage of Cyclogest varies depending on the condition being treated and the patient's individual needs. Always follow the prescribing physician's instructions.

Common Dosages:

• For Luteal Phase Support (IVF): 400–800 mg daily, administered vaginally or rectally, starting on the day of egg retrieval and continuing for up to 12 weeks of pregnancy.
• For Threatened Miscarriage: 400 mg twice daily until symptoms resolve.
• For Hormone Replacement Therapy: 200 mg daily for 12–14 days per month, combined with estrogen.
• For Menstrual Disorders: 200–400 mg daily for 10–12 days per cycle.

Administration Tips:

• Vaginal administration is preferred for localized effects, while rectal administration may be used if vaginal administration is not feasible.
• Wash hands before and after use.
• Insert the suppository as directed, usually at bedtime for better absorption.

While Cyclogest is generally well-tolerated, some patients may experience side effects. These can include:

Common Side Effects:

• Vaginal or rectal irritation
• Drowsiness
• Bloating or abdominal discomfort
• Breast tenderness
• Headache

Rare but Serious Side Effects:

• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Severe dizziness or confusion
• Unusual vaginal bleeding
• Signs of blood clots (e.g., leg pain, chest pain, shortness of breath)

If any severe side effects occur, discontinue use and seek medical attention immediately.

Before using Cyclogest, inform your healthcare provider if you have:

• A history of blood clots or thromboembolic disorders
• Liver disease
• Breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers
• Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
• Allergies to progesterone or any suppository ingredients

Special Populations:

• Pregnancy: Cyclogest is safe for use during pregnancy and is often prescribed to support pregnancy.
• Breastfeeding: Progesterone may pass into breast milk, but its effects on the infant are minimal. Consult your doctor before use.
• Elderly Patients: Use with caution due to the potential for increased side effects.

Cyclogest may interact with other medications, altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Notable interactions include:

1. Enzyme Inducers:
   • Drugs like rifampicin, phenytoin, and carbamazepine may reduce progesterone levels by increasing its metabolism.
2. Enzyme Inhibitors:
   • Medications such as ketoconazole and erythromycin may increase progesterone levels by slowing its metabolism.
3. Anticoagulants:
   • Progesterone may enhance the effects of blood thinners like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
4. Other Hormonal Therapies:
   • Concurrent use with estrogen or other progestins may lead to additive hormonal effects.

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.

Generic Names in Pharmacy

• Progesterone (the active ingredient in Cyclogest)
• Micronized progesterone (a formulation used to enhance absorption)